The colon, otherwise known as the large intestine, is the long, tubular organ that processes and absorbs water and nutrients (like electrolytes) from undigested food, forming stool, and eliminating waste.
The rectum is the shorter, lower part of the large intestine that receives the waste from the colon (meaning they work together!) and temporarily stores stool before it is expelled. It also initiates that urge to expel that by product with a bowel movement.
Small, benign (non-cancerous) growths, called polyps, can develop in those areas and can eventually develop into cancer over time if left untreated.
Risk Factors
There are several risk factors that can contribute to the development of Colorectal Cancer, including:
- genetic predisposition
- lifestyle choices (i.e. a diet high in processed foods and red meat and a sedentary lifestyle)
- underlying medical conditions
- family history of colorectal cancer or polyps
- chronic conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis
Symptoms
Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer include:
- changes in bowel movements
- rectal bleeding
- unexplained weight loss
- persistent abdominal pain
- fatigue
However, it’s important to mention that many cases remain asymptomatic in the early stages, making regular screenings essential for early detection, which can significantly improve treatment success and reduce mortality. Tests like colonoscopies, stool tests, and imaging scans can help identify polyps or cancerous growths before they spread.
Primary Care & Colorectal Cancer Prevention
Your colorectal health plays a vital role in your overall well-being, and regular screenings are key to early detection and prevention of serious conditions like colorectal cancer. Primary care providers are your first line of defense against it, helping you assess risk factors, manage digestive health, and ensure you receive timely screenings such as colonoscopies or stool-based tests.
The American Cancer Society recommends routine screenings starting at age 45, or earlier if you have a family history of colorectal cancer. Symptoms like persistent changes in bowel habits, unexplained weight loss, or abdominal discomfort shouldn’t be ignored. By staying proactive with your health and partnering with your primary care provider, you can take important steps toward prevention and long-term wellness. If you have questions about your colorectal health, our team at Bethany Medical Clinic is here to help!